分类 国外标准 下的文章

UL 61215-1-3 TERRESTRIAL PHOToVOLTAIC (PV) MODULES- DESIGNQUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL-Part 1-3: Specialrequirements for testing of thin-film amorphous silicon basedphotovoltaic (PV) modules
Scope
This document lays down requirements for the design qualification of terrestrial photovoltaic modulessuitable for long-term operation in open-air climates. The useful service life of modules so qualified willdepend on their design, their environment and the conditions under which they are operated. Test resultsare not construed as a quantitative prediction of module lifetime.
ln climates where 9"h percentile operating temperatures exceed 70 °C, users are recommended toconsider testing to higher temperature test conditions as described in lEC TS 63126.Users desiringqualification of PV products with lesser lifetime expectations are recommended to consider testingdesigned for PV in consumer electronics, as described in lEC 63163(under development). Users wishingto gain confidence that the characteristics tested in lEC 61215 appear consistently in a manufacturedproduct may wish to utilize lEC 62941 regarding quality systems in PV manufacturing.
This document is intended to apply to all thin-film amorphous silicon (a-Si; a-Siluc-Si) based terrestrial flatplate modules. As such, it addresses special requirements for testing of this technology supplementingIEC 61215-1:2021 and lEC 61215-2:2021 requirements for testing.
This document does not apply to modules used with concentrated sunlight although it may be utlized forlow concentrator modules (1 to 3 suns).For low concentration modules, all tests are performed using theirradiance, current, voltage and power levels expected at the design concentration.
The object of this test sequence is to determine the electrical characteristics of the module and to show, asfar as possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the module is capable of withstandingprolonged exposure outdoors.Accelerated test conditions are empirically based on those necessary toreproduce selected observed field failures and are applied equally across module types.Accelerationfactors may vary with product design and thus not all degradation mechanisms may manifest.Further

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 697 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Toy Transformers
Scope
1.1These requirements cover toy transformers designed to be used on nominal 120-V branch circuits.Atoy transformer is a step-down isolating transformer of the low-secondary-voltage type. It is intendedprimarily to supply current to electrically operated toys, and as such is expected to be subjected tocareless use and probable short circuit of the secondary terminals.Accordingly, the design of a toytransformer takes into consideration the rather unusual risk of fire that may be involved,and theconstruction is made to reduce the risk of fire with respect to the ignition of nearby combustible material asthe result of overheating or eventual inoperative condition of the transformer itself.
1.2These requirements do not cover toys or the like designed to operate from the secondary output of atoy transformer.
1.3Toy transformers marked "Class 2" are evaluated to the requirements in the Standard for Class 2Power Units, UL 1310, and to the requirements in this Standard.
2 Components
2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with therequirements for that component. See Appendix A for a list of standards covering components generallyused in the products covered by this standard.
2.2A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement that:
a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in theproduct covered by this standard, or
b)ls superseded by a requirement in this standard.
2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions ofuse.
2.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performancecapabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions,such as certaintemperatures not exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.
3 Units of Measurement
3.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL79 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Power-Operated Pumps for PetroleumDispensing Products
1 Scope
1.1These requirements cover products described in 1.2.Requirements for the installation and use ofthese products are included in the Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, NFPA 30; the Automotiveand Marine Service Station Code,NFPA 30A; and the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70.
1.2These requirements cover electrically-,hydraulically-,or pneumatically-driven power-operatedpumps for use with petroleum products in the following applications:
a) Self-contained flammable liquid dispensing devices and submerged pumps used in storagetanks that provide the petroleum product to remote control flammabie liquid dispensing devices.They are intended for operation at discharge pressures of 50 pounds per square inch (psig) (345kPa), or the marked maximum discharge pressure rating, when less, with the ambient and liquidtemperature within the range of minus 20°F(minus 29°C)-125°F(52°C).
b)Flammable liquid dispensing systems to transfer the petroleum product from a tank or containerto a vehicle or another container. They are intended for operation at the marked maximumdischarge pressure, or less, with the ambient and liquid temperature within the range of minus 20°F(minus 29c)-125°F(52C).
c) Vapor recovery applications for flammable liquid dispensing devices. They are intended tooperate under a vacuum at the inlet and a maximum discharge pressure of 50 psig (345 kPa), ormarked discharge pressure, whichever is less.
1.3 These requirements do not cover:
a) Oil burner pumps,which are evaluated under the Standard for Pumps for Oil-BurningAppliances, uL 343.
b)Pumps for engine-powered automotive equipment.
c)Pumps for marine use which are evaluated under the Standard for Mechanically and ElectricallyOperated Fuel Pumps for Marine Use, UL 1130.
d) Pumps for use in chemical, petrochemical, or petroleum processing plants; utility power plants;petroleum production facilities; pipeline pump stations; pipeline or marine terminals; or bulk plantdistribution and related facilities.
e)Pumps used in mobile applications,such as on tank trucks,portable tanks,or portablecontainers mounted on vehicles.
f) Pumps rated more than 600 volts.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 796F STANDARD FOR SAFETY Flexible Materials InterconnectConstructions
1 Scope
1.1 These requirements apply to flexible material printed wiring board constructions (FMIlC's) for use ascomponents in flexible,flex-to-install, rigid,and multilayer rigid-flex composite applications with andwithout stiffener and adhesive materials in devices or appliances.
1.2Together with the Standards mentioned in the Supplementary Test Procedures,Section 3, theserequirements provide data with respect to the physical,electrical,flammability,thermal,and otherproperties of the FMIC under consideration and are intended to provide guidance to the fabricator, endproduct manufacturer, safety engineers and other interested parties.
1.3 Compliance with these requirements does not indicate the product is acceptable for use as acomponent of an end product without further investigation.
1.4 The singlelayer and multilayer flexible,flex-to-install,and multilayer rigid-flex compositeconstructions addressed by these requirements consist of conductors affixed to base material, with mid-board interconnections, and cover materials.
1.5 The suitability of additional stiffener and adhesive materials,not evaluated in accordance withStiffener and adhesive (external bonding) materials, 8.10, the Stiffener bond strength test, 12.12, andFlammability tests,12.15, are subject to the applicable end-use product construction and performancerequirements. See Additional stiffener and adhesive (external bonding) materials,13.12,, for markingrequirements for FMIC's provided with additional stiffener and adhesive materials not investigated.
1.6 The requirements for rigid printed wiring boards are in the Standard for Printed Wiring Boards, uL796.
2 Units of Measurement
2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.
3 Supplementary Test Procedures
3.1These requirements are intended to be used in conjunction with the following requirements orstandards:
a) The Standard for Polymeric Materials - Short Term Property Evaluations,UL 746A,theStandard for Polymeric Materials - Long Term Property Evaluations, UL 746B, the Standard forPolymeric Materials - Industrial Laminates,Filament Wound Tubing,Vulcanized Fibre,and

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 845 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Motor Control Centers
1 Scope
1.1Products covered
1.1.1 This standard applies to motor control centers to be used in accordance with the U.S. NationalElectrical Code,ANSI/NFPA 70,CSA C22.1, Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, and the Mexican Electricallnstallations (Utility),NOM-001-SEDE.
1.1.2 These requirements cover motor control centers for use on circuits having available short-circuitcurrents not more than 200 000 A rms symmetrical or 200 000 A dc.
1.1.3 This standard applies to single- and three-phase 50 and 60 Hz and dc motor control centers ratednot more than 1000 V ac or dc.
1.1.4 Requirements for fire pump controllers are as provided in Annex C, item 11.1.2Products not covered
These requirements do not cover switchboards or panelboards intended for the control of electric light andpower circuits, nor do they cover an individual unit for this purpose.Such units, however,that consist ofmanually or automatically operated switches, branch-circuit or service-circuit circuit-breakers, overcurrent-protective devices, or the like may be used within a motor control center.
1.3Equipment
1.3.1 A motor control center can contain, but is not limited to, any combination of equipment such as thefollowing:
a) full-voltage reversing or non-reversing combination motor control units;
b) full-voltage multispeed combination motor control units;
c) reduced-voltage part-winding, wye-delta or auto-transformer combination motor control units;
d) solid-state industrial controllers, such as adjustable-speed drives, programmable controllers,protective relays, and the like;
e) lighting or distribution panelboards;f) feeder-tap units;

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 859 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Household Electric Personal GroomingAppliances
1 Scope
1.1 These requirements cover electric personal grooming appliances intended for household use, suchas hair curlers and dryers, combs, brushes, and similar appliances to be used in accordance with theNational Electrical Code, NFPA 70.
1.2 These requirements do not cover appliances rated more than 250 volts nor appliances covered in thefollowing Standards for Safety:
a) The Standard for Medical Electrical Equipment,Part 1:General Requirements for Safety, uL60601-1;
b)The Standard for Personal Hygiene and Health Care Appliances,UL 1431;
c) The Standard for Household and Similar Electrical Appliances, Part 2: Particular Requirementsfor Shavers, Hair Clippers, and Similar Appliances, UL 60335-2-8;
d) The Standard for Motor-Operated Massage and Exercise Machines,UL 1647;
e) The Standard for Electric Heating Pads,UL 130; and
f) The Standard for Commercial Electric Personal Grooming Appliances, UL 1727.
Components
2.1A component of a product covered by this standard shall:
a) Comply with the requirements for that component as indicated in the individual section(s)covering that component;
b)Be used in accordance with its rating(s) established for the intended conditions of use;
c) Be used within its established use limitations or conditions of acceptability;
d)Additionally comply with the applicable requirements of this standard; and
e)Not contain mercury,unless used within a fluorescent, high intensity discharge,or neon lampbulb.
Exception No.1: A component of a product covered by this standard is not required to comply with aspecific component requirement that:

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 867 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Electrostatic Air Cleaners
Scope
1.1These requirements cover electrostatic air cleaners rated at 600 volts or less, intended to removedust and other particles from the air and intended for use in accordance with the National Electrical Code,ANSI/NFPA 70.
1.1.1 ln reference to 1.1, these requirements may be used to evaluate products that are:
a) Powered entirely by a low-voltage supply source,such as those intended for connection to aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) supply source; or
b) Provided with or intended for use with one or more rechargeable battery system(s) for portableappliances intended for household use only.
1.1.2 These requirements do not cover battery operated products other than portable appliancesintended for household use only.
1.2 These requirements do not cover electrostatic air cleaners for use in hazardous locations or to cleanatmospheres defined as hazardous by the National Electrical Code,ANSI/NFPA 70.
1.3 These requirements do not cover air cleaners intended to remove particles other than dust and otherparticles normally found in heating and ventilating systems.
1.4 Requirements for the installation of duct-type electrostatic air cleaners are included in the Standardfor the lnstallation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems,NFPA 9OA; and the Standard for theInstallation of Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems, NFPA 90B.
2 General
2.1Components2.1.1 Deleted2.1.2 Deleted2.1.3 Deleted2.1.4 Deleted

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 8750 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Light Emitting Diode (LED)Equipmentfor Use in Lighting Products
1 Scope
1.1These requirements cover LED equipment that is an integral part of a luminaire or other lightingequipment.These requirements cover components including LED drivers, controllers, arrays (modules),and packages as defined within this standard.
1.1.0 LED equipment covered by this standard are intended for operation in the visible light spectrumbetween 400 - 700 nm.Coherent light sources (e.g.laser sources) are not covered by this standard.
Exception No.1:LED packages as described in Supplement SD may have applications other than generalillumination and may operate outside of the visible light spectrum.
Exception No. 2: Special Use LED arrays as described in Supplement SJ have intended applications otherthan general illumination and may operate outside of the visible light spectrum.
1.1.1 Deleted
1.1.2 Deleted
1.1.3 These requirements do not cover LED controllers within the scopes of the following standards:
a) Standard for Safety for Plug-In Locking Type Photocontrols for Use with Area Lighting, UL 773,or
b) Standard for Safety for Solid-State Dimming Controls, UL 1472.
1.2These lighting products are intended for installation on branch circuits of 600 V nominal or less inaccordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC),ANSINFPA 70, and for connection to isolated (non-utility connected) power sources such as generators, batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, and the like.
1.3 LED equipment is utilized in lighting products that comply with the end-product standards listedbelow. The requirements in this standard are intended to supplement those in other end-productstandards.Included are:
a) Electric Signs, UL 48,
b) Portable Electric Luminaires, UL 153,
c) Underwater Luminaires and Submersible Junction Boxes, UL 676,d)Emerqency Liqhtinq and Power Equipment, UL 924,

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 94 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Tests for Flammability of PlasticMaterials for Parts in Devices and Appliances
1 Scope
1.1These requirements cover tests for flammability of polymeric materials used for parts in devices andappliances. They are intended to serve as a preliminary indication of their acceptability with respect toflammability for a particular application.
1.2The methods described in this Standard involve standard size specimens and are intended to beused solely to measure and describe the flammability properties of materials,used in devices andappliances,in response to a small open flame or radiant heat source under controlled laboratoryconditions.
1.3 The tests in the Standard for Tests for Flammability of Small Polymeric Component Materials shouldbe used to evaluate small components which contain materials that can not be fabricated intostandardized specimens in the minimum use thickness and subjected to applicable preselection tests inUL94.Test procedures in UL 1694 are applicable to small components with an overall volume of less than2500 mm3 (0.15 in3). UL 1694 is generally not applicable to small components with an overall volumegreater than 2500 mm3(0.15 in3).
1.4 The final acceptance of the material is dependent upon its use in complete equipment that conformswith the standards applicable to such equipment. The flammability classification required of a material isdependent upon the equipment or device involved and the particular use of the material.The performancelevel of a material determined by these methods shall not be assumed to correlate with its performance inend-use application.The actual response to heat and flame of materials depends upon the size and form,and also on the end-use of the product using the material.Assessment of other important characteristics inthe end-use application includes, but is not limited to, factors such as ease of ignition, burning rate, flamespread, fuel contribution, intensity of burning, and products of combustion.
1.5lf found to be appropriate, the requirements are applied to other nonmetallic materials.
1.6These tests,with the exception of the Radiant Panel Test in Section 10, are not applicable to theevaluation of parts where the thickness exceeds 13.0 mm or where the surface area exceeds 1 m?.Theserequirements do not cover polymeric materials when used for building construction, finishing, or contentssuch as wall and floor coverings,furnishings,decorative objects and so forth. In addition,the fireresistance (in terms of an hourly rating), flame spread, smoke characterization, and heat release rate isnot evaluated.Other fire tests exist and shall be used to evaluate the flammability of materials in theintended end-use-product configuration.
2References

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

UL 982 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Motor-Operated Household FoodPreparing Machines
1 Scope
1.1These requirements cover household motor-operated food preparing machines and kitchenaccessories such as knife sharpeners and can openers, that are intended to be operated for short-periodsof time resulting in cumulative use-time per year of less than 100 hours and that are for use in accordancewith the National Electrical Code,ANSI/NFPA 70.
1.2In the following text, a requirement that applies to one type of equipment coming within its scope,such as a blender,or mixer will be so identified by a specific reference in that requirement to the type ofequipment involved. In the absence of such specific reference or if the term appliance is employed, it is tobe understood that the requirement applies to all of the types of equipment covered by the standard.
1.3 These requirements cover cord-connected and permanently wired motor-operated appliances ratedat a nominal 120 V including appliances supplied by low-voltage power supplies,and battery-operatedappliances provided with battery chargers.
1.4 These requirements cover appliances for household use.The requirements in the Standard forMotor-Operated Commercial Food Preparing Machines, UL 763 are employed for the evaluation ofappliances also intended for commercial application.
1.5 This standard does not cover sanitation,contamination,or noise aspects of these products.Reference to these items can be found in the Standard for Food,Drug and Beverage Equipment,ANSIASME F2.1.
1.6An appliance employing a heating element is judged on the basis of its compliance with therequirements of this Standard,insofar as they apply and further appropriate requirements applicable tohousehold cooking appliances.
2Units of Measurement
2.1Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.
3 Undated References
3.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall beinterpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.
4Glossary

下载信息最近更新2022-4-3下载地址

ASME B16.11-2016 FORGED FITTINGS, sOCKET-WELDING AND THREADED
1 sCOPE AND GENERAL1.1 Scope
This Standard covers ratings, dimensions, tolerances,marking, and material requirements for forged fittings,both socket-welding and threaded, as illustrated in
Tables 1 through 6 and Tables I-1 through l-6, inclusive.
1.1.1 Fitting Types/Configuration.Types of fittingscovered by this Standard are shown in Table 7, by
class and size range. Fittings shown in Tables 1through 6 and Tables I-1 through l-6 may also be
made with combinations of socket-welding and threadedends.
1.1.2 Special Fittings. Fittings with special dimen-sions, threads, or counterbores may be made by agree-ment between the manufacturer and purchaser. Whensuch fittings meet all other stipulations of this
Standard, they shall be considered in compliance there-with, provided they are appropriately marked (see section4).
1.1.3 Welding. Installation welding requirements arenot within the scope of this Standard.Installation
welding shall be in accordance with the applicablepiping Code or regulation covering the piping systeminto which the fittings are installed.
1.2 General
1.2.1 Referenced Standards. Standards and specifica-tions adopted by reference in this Standard are shown in
Mandatory Appendix II. It is not considered practical toidentify the specific edition of each standard and specifi-cation in the individual references.Instead, the specific

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B16.9-2003 FACTORY-MADE WROUGHT BUTTWELDING FITTINGS
1 SCOPE
1.1 General
This Standard covers overall dimensions,tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for wrought factory-madebuttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1% through 48 (DN 15through 1200).
1.2 Special Fittings
Fittings may be made to special dimensions,sizes,shapes, and tolerances by agreement between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.
1.3 Fabricated Fittings
Fabricated laterals and other fittings employing cir-cumferential or intersection welds are considered pipefabrication and are not within the scope of this Standard.Fabricated lap joint stub ends are exempt from theabove restrictions, provided they meet all the require-ments of the applicable ASTM material specificationlisted in para.5.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B31.3-2014 PROCESS PIPING
300GENERAL STATEMENTS
(a) Identification. This Process Piping Code is aSection of the American Society of Mechanical EngineersCode for Pressure Piping, ASME B31, an AmericanNational Standard. It is published as a separate docu-ment for convenience of Code users.
(b)Responsibilities
(1)Owner.The owner of a piping installation shallhave overall responsibility for compliance with thisCode, and for establishing the requirements for design,construction,examination, inspection, and testing thatwill govern the entire fluid handling or process installa-tion of which the piping is a part. The owner is also
responsible for designating piping in Category D:Category M,High Pressure, and High Purity Fluid
Services, and for determining if a specific QualitySystem is to be employed. [See paras. 300(d)(4) through(7) and Appendix Q.] Where applicable, the owner shallconsider requirements imposed by the authority havingjurisdiction regarding the piping installation.
(2) Designer. The designer is responsible to theowner for assurance that the engineering design of pip-ing complies with the requirements of this Code andwith any additional requirements established by theowner.
(3)Manufacturer, Fabricator, and Erector. The manu-facturer, fabricator, and erector of piping are responsiblefor providing materials, components, and workmanshipin compliance with the requirements of this Code andof the engineering design.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B31.4-2006 Pipeline Transportation Systems for LiquidHydrocarbons and Other Liquids
400GENERAL STATEMENTS
(a)This Liquid Transportation Systems Code is oneof several sections of the ASME Code for Pressure Pip-ing, B31.This Section is published as a separate docu-
ment for convenience. This Code applies tohydrocarbons, liquid petroleum gas, anhydrous ammo-
nia, alcohols, and carbon dioxide.Throughout this Codethese systems will be referred to as Liquid PipelineSystems.
(b)The requirements of this Code are adequate forsafety under conditions normally encountered in the
operation of liquid pipeline systems. Requirements rorall abnormal or unusual conditions are not spend con-provided for, nor are all details of engineering and con-
struction prescribed. All work performed within theScope of this Code shall comply with the safety stan-dards expressed or implied.
(c)The primary purpose of this Code is to establishrequirements for safe design, construction, inspection,testing, operation, and maintenance of liquid pipelinesystems for protection of the general public andoperating company personnel as well as for reasonableprotection of the piping system against vandalism andaccidental damage by others and reasonable protectionof the environment.
(d)This Code is concerned with employee safety tothe extent that it is affected by basic design,qualityof materials and workmanship,and requirements forconstruction, inspection, testing, operation, and mainte-nance of liquid pipeline systems. Existing industrialsafety regulations pertaining to work areas, safe workpractices, and safety devices are not intended to be sup-planted by this Code.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B31.4-2012 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquidsand Slurries
400 GENERAL STATEMENTS
(a)This pipeline transportation systems Code is oneof several sections of The American Society of Mechani-cal Engineers Code for Pressure Piping,ASME B31, andit is the responsibility of the user of this Code to select
the applicable Section. This Section is published as aseparate document for convenience.This Code applies
to hydrocarbons,liquid petroleum gas, anhydrousammonia, alcohols, and carbon dioxide.Throughout thisCode, these systems will be referred to as liquid pipelinesystems.
(b)The requirements of this Code are adequate forsafety under conditions normally encountered in theoperation of liquid pipeline systems. Requirements forall abnormal or unusual conditions are not specificallyprovided for, nor are all details of engineering and con-struction prescribed. All work performed within theScope of this Code shall comply with the safety stan-dards expressed or implied.
(c) The primary purpose of this Code is to establishrequirements for safe design, construction, inspection,testing, operation, and maintenance of liquid pipelinesystems for protection of the general public and
operating company personnel, as well as for reasonableprotection of the piping system against vandalism and
accidental damage by others, and reasonable protectionof the environment.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B31.8-2016 GAS TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS
801 GENERAL
801.1 Approved Standards and Specifications
Standards and specifications approved for use underthis Code and the names and addresses of the sponsor-ing organizations are shown in Mandatory Appendix A.It is not considered practicable to refer to a specificedition of each of the standards and specifications inthe individual Code paragraphs.
801.2 Use of Standards and Specifications
lncorporated by Reference
Some standards and specifications cited in MandatoryAppendix A are supplemented by specific requirementselsewhere in this Code. Users of this Code are advisedagainst attempting direct application of any of thesestandards without carefully observing the Code's refer-ence to that standard.
801.3 Standard Dimensions
Adherence to American National Standards Institute(ANSI) dimensions is strongly recommended whereverpracticable. Paragraphs or notations specifying theseand other dimensional standards in this Code, however,shall not be mandatory, provided that other designs of

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B36.10M-1996 WELDED AND SEAMLESs WROUGHT STEEL PIPE
1 scoPE
TeisSlarlne!oovers ehve siacrxlanrdicatseoa ol dowmwctsions of weldes and seamless wrough sec! pipe (orhigh or low temperatures and peessures.
!he uor! pipi is wsed as isuinguishe&fron uubelo apply !o lubular products of dimensions commorn!yused for pipeline and piping syslems. Pupe dimeasionsof sizes t2 int. and semallcr havc outsiadc diamctersnumcrtcaly !arger than conresponing sizes. !n contrast.the omside iameiers of lubes are numcrically identicalta the size number for all sizes.
2 SIze
Tle ive od at! pipe is idcswbedty lhe nominaipipc size.
The manufacture of pare NPs ' ,to NPS 12 incJusivels based! on a stantardized outslde diancter [OD). TisoD was originally se!ecled so that pipe with a stan!ardoD and having a wall thickncss whcn was typicalof thc periowoutd have aninstdc diamc:cr (1D)appeaxirmalely equal to the nominal sizc. 三!houag!there is no such reiauion belweeu the existing stanandthickness — oDand nominal sizr — these notninalsizes an! stan!ar oD. contiaue in use as "stanLarl"Thc mamufacture of pipe rP'S ]4 aad largcs proccdson the basts of an oD corresponding to tc nominal siza.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME Y14.5.2-2000 ENGINEERING DRAWING AND RELATED DOCUMENTATION PRACTICES CERTIFICATION OF GEOMETRIC DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PROFESSIONALS
1.1 sCOPE
This Standard establishes certification requirementsfor a Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Profes-sional (GDTP). Certification will be based upon thecurrent edition of the Y14.5 Dimensioning and Toleranc-ing Standard,its appendices,and the application of itsprinciples and concepts.
1.2 PURPOSE
This Standard provides requirements and qualifica-tions to be used in certifying GDTPs.These require-ments and qualifications recognize the knowledge, train-ing,and the experience necessary to understand,apply,and teach the principles as set forth in the current

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

ASME B16.34-2004 VALVES -FLANGED,THREADED,AND WELDING END
1 sCOPE
1.1 General
This Standard applies to new construction and coverspressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances,materials, nondestructive examination requirements,testing, and marking for cast, forged,and fabricatedflanged, threaded, and welding end and wafer orflangeless valves of steel,nickel-base alloys, and otheralloys shown in Table 1. Wafer or flangeless valves,bolted or through-bolt types, that are installed betweenflanges or against a flange are treated as flanged-endvalves. Alternative rules for NPS 21/ and smaller valvesare given in Mandatory Appendix V.
1.2 Applicability
1.2.1 Standards and Specifications.Standards andspecifications adopted by reference in this Standard andthe names and addresses of the sponsoring organiza-tions are shown in Mandatory Appendix VIII. It is notconsidered practical to refer to a specific edition of eachof the standards and specifications in the individualclause references.Instead, the specific edition referencesare included in Mandatory Appendix VII.A productmade in conformance with a prior edition of referencestandards and in all other respects conforming to thisStandard shall be considered to be in conformance eventhough the edition reference may have been changed ina subsequent revision of this Standard.

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址

IEC 34-15:1995 ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES -Part 15: Impulse voltage withstand levels of rotating a.c. machines with form-wound stator coils
1scope
This part of lEC 34 specifies the rated phase-to-earth impulse voltage withstand levelsof rotating a.c. machines having rated voltages from 3 kV to 15 kV inclusive andincorporating form-wound stator coils, together with the test procedures and voltages to beapplied to the main and interturn insulation of sample coils to prove the compliance of themachine.
2Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which,through reference in thistext,constitute provisions of this part of lEC 34.At the time of publication, the editionsindicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision,and parties toagreements based on this part of lEC 34 are encouraged to investigate the possibility ofapplying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below.Membersof lEC and lSo maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 34-1:1994,Rotating electrical machines - Part 1 : Rating and performance
IEC 60-1: 1989,High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and testrequirements
IEC 71-1:1993, Insulation co-ordination - Part 1 : Definitions,principles and rules
Definitions

下载信息最近更新2022-4-2下载地址